The 2019 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology was jointlyawarded Monday to two Americans and a British scientist, namely William G.Kaelin Jr, Gregg L. Semenza, Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, for their discoveries of"how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability".

"Oxygen sensing is central to a large number of diseases. The discoveries made by this year's Nobel Prize laureates have fundamental importance for physiology and have paved the way for promising new strategies to fight anemia, cancer and many other diseases," the official Twitter handle of The Nobel Prize tweeted.

Reportedly, it is the 110th prize in the category that hasbeen awarded since 1901. The Karolinska Institutet, which awards the NobelPrize for Medicine, said in a statement that the trio should share equally the9 million kronor (918,000 US Dollars) cash award.

Events began Monday with the award announcement forPhysiology or Medicine. The Physics and Chemistry prizes will be announced onTuesday and Wednesday, respectively. This year's double-header LiteraturePrizes will be awarded Thursday and the Peace Prize will be announced onFriday. The economics prize will be awarded in the last — on October 14.